Why there is a need of Web Programming?
Due to Dot com bubble, since from 1977 to 2001, many physical bussiness sectors started knowing the importance of Internet as for economic gains.It was the era of World Wide Web, many people started using internet for surfing through browser. They started investing in the up coming technologies. WWW boosted the trend of web development and soon many web scripting languages is been developed. Bussiness started to switch from physical retailing to online retailing by developing business to consumer type websites with various policies and customer services. Ultimately, the online business gained economic growth because of huge response from the people(consumers).Web programming is basically website development process using Markup languages ie. HTML, CSS, etc. In Software Engineering coding a website does not considered as programming.Web development as a profession gained lot of interest in the graduates as well as school going techies.It is a broad field which consists developer profession as Front-End developer, Back-End developer and a Full Stack developer.Large organisations has many web developers who works on specific tasks in a group. Small scale organisations/startups hire freelance web developers or an experienced person till completion of the offered project. Website developers needs to go under on going Agile development process, which is long process.Later, Content Management System (CMS) gained popularity because it can create websites easily as it is customisable. Many Organisation started providing CMS service to the small and large bussiness sectors. Websites using CMS can be created even by a non-programmer with in few hours.
What is HTML?
Well, HTML is an abbreviation for Hyper Text Markup Language, which is a backbone for creating web pages and web applications. Basically, Hypertext is "extension of textual information" by hyperlinks. Hyper Text is the text which displays on computer display or any devices with the help of references (links) to access immediately to multiple levels of details or textual information. When we navigate through web pages, we can find hypertexts as tables,images,menus with interconnected hyperlinks. In traditional paper document we use various color markers to express the text with different markups or annotations. But in digital media, we have markup language sytem which has various tags to annotate the document which distinguish and express the textual instructions. Inorder to maintain the structural presentation semantics in world wide web and user can access the HTML page through any browser.HTML as widely used web programming language, describes the structure of web pages using markup.HTML tags in a HTML document is like a blueprint, which makes up the HTML pages. Browsers renders the HTML tags of the documents and displays the text contents with specific presentation on a web page.HTML elements are Tags and attributes.HTML tags is case insensitive, but the id and class attribute values to be case sensitive.All HTML document must start with a document type declaration: <!DOCTYPE html>HTML programming must starts with HTML tag ie. <html> and must end with HTML tag ie. </html> All other HTML elements must lay within the <html>...</html> tag containers(expect for <!DOCTYPE> tag). HTML page should be saved with .html as extension.
What is the history of HTML?
Late 1990s, a physicist Tim Berners-Lee and a contractor at CERN,specified HTML and wrote the browser and server software.First published HTML document was known by "HTML Tags" which describes 18 elements comprising the initial, relatively simple design of HTML.
HTML Versions and its Specification:
HTML - First publicly avaible HTML document known as " HTML Tags"
HTML 2.0 - Published in 1995 as RFC capabilities as form based file upload,tables, client side image maps,multilingual Html
HTML 3.2 - Published in 1997 as W3C recommendations and adopted Netscape's visual markup tags.
HTML 4.01 - Published in 1999 as W3C recommendations and offers the HTML 4.0 mentioned 3 variations as for HTML 4.0 (Strict, in which deprecated elements are forbidden
Transitional, in which deprecated elements are allowed
and the Frameset, in which mostly only frame related elements are allowed.)
XHTML - Published in 2000 as W3C recommendation which is the Reformulation of HTML 4.01 using XMl 1.0
HTML5 - On 2014 HTML5 released as a stable W3C recommendation.
Editor to use for web development:
There are many code editor/text-editor has intelligent features like autocomplete. As a starter I recommend you to use notepad++ get hands on practice with Html tags. Then you can move to different text-editors which has various features to save coding time and focus on fast development.
Download the Latest version: notepad++ 7.5.6
Check out the following popular text editors: Atom, Sublime Text, Brackets, Vim
Commenting in HTML:
While rendering the HTML document, the commented sentence/text can't render by the browser. The comment tags is shown as <!-- and -->. You can apply commenting to single line text as well as multiline text.<!-- Type your sentence here-->
HTML Page Structure:
Basic Standard Tags in HTML:
●The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
●The <head> element contains meta information about the document
●The <title> element specifies a title for the document
●The <body> element contains the visible page content
●The <h1> element defines a large heading
●The <p> element defines a paragraph
Open notepad++, write the below html code and save as samplepage.html Then double click the saved page and open with browser.
Example HTML Code:
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Page title</title></head><body><h1>This is a heading1</h1><h2>This is a heading2</h2><h3>This is a heading3</h3><h4>This is a heading4</h4><h5>This is a heading5</h5><h6>This is a heading6</h6><p>This is a paragraph.</p><br><p>This is another paragraph.</p></body></html><!-- These are Basic HTML5 Tags-->
Coding in nodepad++ save as samplepage.html
Output in the browser window:
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